2021年12月1日 星期三

ESP32 DHT11/DHT22 Web Server

ESP32 DHT11/DHT22 Web Server 

源自於https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp32-dht11-dht22-temperature-humidity-web-server-arduino-ide/












/*********
  Rui Santos
  Complete project details at https://randomnerdtutorials.com  
*********/
// Import required libraries
#include "WiFi.h"
#include "ESPAsyncWebServer.h"
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
#include <DHT.h>
// Replace with your network credentials
//const char* ssid = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_SSID";
//const char* password = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_PASSWORD";
const char* ssid = "TOTOLINK_A3002MU";
const char* password = "24063173";
#define DHTPIN 27     // Digital pin connected to the DHT sensor
// Uncomment the type of sensor in use:
#define DHTTYPE    DHT11     // DHT 11
//#define DHTTYPE    DHT22     // DHT 22 (AM2302)
//#define DHTTYPE    DHT21     // DHT 21 (AM2301)
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
// Create AsyncWebServer object on port 80
AsyncWebServer server(80);
String readDHTTemperature() {
  // Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds 'old' (its a very slow sensor)
  // Read temperature as Celsius (the default)
  float t = dht.readTemperature();
  // Read temperature as Fahrenheit (isFahrenheit = true)
  //float t = dht.readTemperature(true);
  // Check if any reads failed and exit early (to try again).
  if (isnan(t)) {    
    Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
    return "--";
  }
  else {
    Serial.println(t);
    return String(t);
  }
}
String readDHTHumidity() {
  // Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds 'old' (its a very slow sensor)
  float h = dht.readHumidity();
  if (isnan(h)) {
    Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
    return "--";
  }
  else {
    Serial.println(h);
    return String(h);
  }
}
const char index_html[] PROGMEM = R"rawliteral(
<!DOCTYPE HTML><html>
<head>
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.7.2/css/all.css" integrity="sha384-fnmOCqbTlWIlj8LyTjo7mOUStjsKC4pOpQbqyi7RrhN7udi9RwhKkMHpvLbHG9Sr" crossorigin="anonymous">
  <style>
    html {
     font-family: Arial;
     display: inline-block;
     margin: 0px auto;
     text-align: center;
    }
    h2 { font-size: 3.0rem; }
    p { font-size: 3.0rem; }
    .units { font-size: 1.2rem; }
    .dht-labels{
      font-size: 1.5rem;
      vertical-align:middle;
      padding-bottom: 15px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <h2>ESP32 DHT Server</h2>
  <p>
    <i class="fas fa-thermometer-half" style="color:#059e8a;"></i> 
    <span class="dht-labels">Temperature</span> 
    <span id="temperature">%TEMPERATURE%</span>
    <sup class="units">&deg;C</sup>
  </p>
  <p>
    <i class="fas fa-tint" style="color:#00add6;"></i> 
    <span class="dht-labels">Humidity</span>
    <span id="humidity">%HUMIDITY%</span>
    <sup class="units">&percnt;</sup>
  </p>
</body>
<script>
setInterval(function ( ) {
  var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
  xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
    if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
      document.getElementById("temperature").innerHTML = this.responseText;
    }
  };
  xhttp.open("GET", "/temperature", true);
  xhttp.send();
}, 10000 ) ;
setInterval(function ( ) {
  var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
  xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
    if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
      document.getElementById("humidity").innerHTML = this.responseText;
    }
  };
  xhttp.open("GET", "/humidity", true);
  xhttp.send();
}, 10000 ) ;
</script>
</html>)rawliteral";
// Replaces placeholder with DHT values
String processor(const String& var){
  //Serial.println(var);
  if(var == "TEMPERATURE"){
    return readDHTTemperature();
  }
  else if(var == "HUMIDITY"){
    return readDHTHumidity();
  }
  return String();
}
void setup(){
  // Serial port for debugging purposes
  Serial.begin(115200);
  dht.begin();
  
  // Connect to Wi-Fi
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(1000);
    Serial.println("Connecting to WiFi..");
  }
  // Print ESP32 Local IP Address
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
  // Route for root / web page
  server.on("/", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
    request->send_P(200, "text/html", index_html, processor);
  });
  server.on("/temperature", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
    request->send_P(200, "text/plain", readDHTTemperature().c_str());
  });
  server.on("/humidity", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
    request->send_P(200, "text/plain", readDHTHumidity().c_str());
  });
  // Start server
  server.begin();
}
 
void loop(){
  
}


Installing Libraries

You need to install a couple of libraries for this project:

Follow the next instructions to install those libraries:

Installing the DHT Sensor Library

To read from the DHT sensor using Arduino IDE, you need to install the DHT sensor library. Follow the next steps to install the library.

  1. Click here to download the DHT Sensor library. You should have a .zip folder in your Downloads folder
  2. Unzip the .zip folder and you should get DHT-sensor-library-master folder
  3. Rename your folder from DHT-sensor-library-master to DHT_sensor
  4. Move the DHT_sensor folder to your Arduino IDE installation libraries folder
  5. Finally, re-open your Arduino IDE

Installing the Adafruit Unified Sensor Driver

You also need to install the Adafruit Unified Sensor Driver library to work with the DHT sensor. Follow the next steps to install the library.

  1. Click here to download the Adafruit Unified Sensor library. You should have a .zip folder in your Downloads folder
  2. Unzip the .zip folder and you should get Adafruit_sensor-master folder
  3. Rename your folder from Adafruit_sensor-master to Adafruit_sensor
  4. Move the Adafruit_sensor folder to your Arduino IDE installation libraries folder
  5. Finally, re-open your Arduino IDE

Installing the ESPAsyncWebServer library

Follow the next steps to install the ESPAsyncWebServer library:

  1. Click here to download the ESPAsyncWebServer library. You should have a .zip folder in your Downloads folder
  2. Unzip the .zip folder and you should get ESPAsyncWebServer-master folder
  3. Rename your folder from ESPAsyncWebServer-master to ESPAsyncWebServer
  4. Move the ESPAsyncWebServer folder to your Arduino IDE installation libraries folder

Installing the Async TCP Library for ESP32

The ESPAsyncWebServer library requires the AsyncTCP library to work. Follow the next steps to install that library:

  1. Click here to download the AsyncTCP library. You should have a .zip folder in your Downloads folder
  2. Unzip the .zip folder and you should get AsyncTCP-master folder
  3. Rename your folder from AsyncTCP-master to AsyncTCP
  4. Move the AsyncTCP folder to your Arduino IDE installation libraries folder
  5. Finally, re-open your Arduino IDE



ESP32 DHT11/DHT22 Web Server – Temperature and Humidity using Arduino IDE

In this project, you’ll learn how to build an asynchronous ESP32 web server with the DHT11 or DHT22 that displays temperature and humidity using Arduino IDE.

ESP32 DHT11/DHT22 Web Server - Temperature and Humidity using Arduino IDE

The web server we’ll build updates the readings automatically without the need to refresh the web page.

With this project you’ll learn:

  • How to read temperature and humidity from DHT sensors;
  • Build an asynchronous web server using the ESPAsyncWebServer library;
  • Update the sensor readings automatically without the need to refresh the web page.

For a more in-depth explanation on how to use the DHT22 and DHT11 temperature and humidity sensors with the ESP32, read our complete guide: ESP32 with DHT11/DHT22 Temperature and Humidity Sensor using Arduino IDE

Watch the Video Tutorial

You can watch the video tutorial or keep reading this page for the written instructions.

Asynchronous Web Server

To build the web server we’ll use the ESPAsyncWebServer library that provides an easy way to build an asynchronous web server. Building an asynchronous web server has several advantages as mentioned in the library GitHub page, such as:

  • “Handle more than one connection at the same time”;
  • “When you send the response, you are immediately ready to handle other connections while the server is taking care of sending the response in the background”;
  • “Simple template processing engine to handle templates”;
  • And much more.

Take a look at the library documentation on its GitHub page.

Parts Required

ESP32 DHT11 DHT22 Temperature and Humidity Arduino IDE Circuit Schematic

To complete this tutorial you need the following parts:

You can use the preceding links or go directly to MakerAdvisor.com/tools to find all the parts for your projects at the best price!

Schematic

Before proceeding to the web server, you need to wire the DHT11 or DHT22 sensor to the ESP32 as shown in the following schematic diagram.

In this case, we’re connecting the data pin to GPIO 27, but you can connect it to any other digital pin. You can use this schematic diagram for both DHT11 and DHT22 sensors.

ESP32 DHT11 DHT22 Temperature and Humidity Arduino IDE Circuit Schematic Diagram

(This schematic uses the ESP32 DEVKIT V1 module version with 36 GPIOs – if you’re using another model, please check the pinout for the board you’re using.)

Note: if you’re using a module with a DHT sensor, it normally comes with only three pins. The pins should be labeled so that you know how to wire them. Additionally, many of these modules already come with an internal pull up resistor, so you don’t need to add one to the circuit.

Installing Libraries

You need to install a couple of libraries for this project:

Follow the next instructions to install those libraries:

Installing the DHT Sensor Library

To read from the DHT sensor using Arduino IDE, you need to install the DHT sensor library. Follow the next steps to install the library.

  1. Click here to download the DHT Sensor library. You should have a .zip folder in your Downloads folder
  2. Unzip the .zip folder and you should get DHT-sensor-library-master folder
  3. Rename your folder from DHT-sensor-library-master to DHT_sensor
  4. Move the DHT_sensor folder to your Arduino IDE installation libraries folder
  5. Finally, re-open your Arduino IDE

Installing the Adafruit Unified Sensor Driver

You also need to install the Adafruit Unified Sensor Driver library to work with the DHT sensor. Follow the next steps to install the library.

  1. Click here to download the Adafruit Unified Sensor library. You should have a .zip folder in your Downloads folder
  2. Unzip the .zip folder and you should get Adafruit_sensor-master folder
  3. Rename your folder from Adafruit_sensor-master to Adafruit_sensor
  4. Move the Adafruit_sensor folder to your Arduino IDE installation libraries folder
  5. Finally, re-open your Arduino IDE

Installing the ESPAsyncWebServer library

Follow the next steps to install the ESPAsyncWebServer library:

  1. Click here to download the ESPAsyncWebServer library. You should have a .zip folder in your Downloads folder
  2. Unzip the .zip folder and you should get ESPAsyncWebServer-master folder
  3. Rename your folder from ESPAsyncWebServer-master to ESPAsyncWebServer
  4. Move the ESPAsyncWebServer folder to your Arduino IDE installation libraries folder

Installing the Async TCP Library for ESP32

The ESPAsyncWebServer library requires the AsyncTCP library to work. Follow the next steps to install that library:

  1. Click here to download the AsyncTCP library. You should have a .zip folder in your Downloads folder
  2. Unzip the .zip folder and you should get AsyncTCP-master folder
  3. Rename your folder from AsyncTCP-master to AsyncTCP
  4. Move the AsyncTCP folder to your Arduino IDE installation libraries folder
  5. Finally, re-open your Arduino IDE

Code

We’ll program the ESP32 using Arduino IDE, so make sure you have the ESP32 add-on installed before proceeding:

Open your Arduino IDE and copy the following code.

/*********
  Rui Santos
  Complete project details at https://randomnerdtutorials.com  
*********/

// Import required libraries
#include "WiFi.h"
#include "ESPAsyncWebServer.h"
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
#include <DHT.h>

// Replace with your network credentials
const char* ssid = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_SSID";
const char* password = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_PASSWORD";

#define DHTPIN 27     // Digital pin connected to the DHT sensor

// Uncomment the type of sensor in use:
//#define DHTTYPE    DHT11     // DHT 11
#define DHTTYPE    DHT22     // DHT 22 (AM2302)
//#define DHTTYPE    DHT21     // DHT 21 (AM2301)

DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);

// Create AsyncWebServer object on port 80
AsyncWebServer server(80);

String readDHTTemperature() {
  // Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds 'old' (its a very slow sensor)
  // Read temperature as Celsius (the default)
  float t = dht.readTemperature();
  // Read temperature as Fahrenheit (isFahrenheit = true)
  //float t = dht.readTemperature(true);
  // Check if any reads failed and exit early (to try again).
  if (isnan(t)) {    
    Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
    return "--";
  }
  else {
    Serial.println(t);
    return String(t);
  }
}

String readDHTHumidity() {
  // Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds 'old' (its a very slow sensor)
  float h = dht.readHumidity();
  if (isnan(h)) {
    Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
    return "--";
  }
  else {
    Serial.println(h);
    return String(h);
  }
}

const char index_html[] PROGMEM = R"rawliteral(
<!DOCTYPE HTML><html>
<head>
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.7.2/css/all.css" integrity="sha384-fnmOCqbTlWIlj8LyTjo7mOUStjsKC4pOpQbqyi7RrhN7udi9RwhKkMHpvLbHG9Sr" crossorigin="anonymous">
  <style>
    html {
     font-family: Arial;
     display: inline-block;
     margin: 0px auto;
     text-align: center;
    }
    h2 { font-size: 3.0rem; }
    p { font-size: 3.0rem; }
    .units { font-size: 1.2rem; }
    .dht-labels{
      font-size: 1.5rem;
      vertical-align:middle;
      padding-bottom: 15px;
    }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <h2>ESP32 DHT Server</h2>
  <p>
    <i class="fas fa-thermometer-half" style="color:#059e8a;"></i> 
    <span class="dht-labels">Temperature</span> 
    <span id="temperature">%TEMPERATURE%</span>
    <sup class="units">&deg;C</sup>
  </p>
  <p>
    <i class="fas fa-tint" style="color:#00add6;"></i> 
    <span class="dht-labels">Humidity</span>
    <span id="humidity">%HUMIDITY%</span>
    <sup class="units">&percnt;</sup>
  </p>
</body>
<script>
setInterval(function ( ) {
  var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
  xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
    if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
      document.getElementById("temperature").innerHTML = this.responseText;
    }
  };
  xhttp.open("GET", "/temperature", true);
  xhttp.send();
}, 10000 ) ;

setInterval(function ( ) {
  var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
  xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
    if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
      document.getElementById("humidity").innerHTML = this.responseText;
    }
  };
  xhttp.open("GET", "/humidity", true);
  xhttp.send();
}, 10000 ) ;
</script>
</html>)rawliteral";

// Replaces placeholder with DHT values
String processor(const String& var){
  //Serial.println(var);
  if(var == "TEMPERATURE"){
    return readDHTTemperature();
  }
  else if(var == "HUMIDITY"){
    return readDHTHumidity();
  }
  return String();
}

void setup(){
  // Serial port for debugging purposes
  Serial.begin(115200);

  dht.begin();
  
  // Connect to Wi-Fi
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(1000);
    Serial.println("Connecting to WiFi..");
  }

  // Print ESP32 Local IP Address
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());

  // Route for root / web page
  server.on("/", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
    request->send_P(200, "text/html", index_html, processor);
  });
  server.on("/temperature", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
    request->send_P(200, "text/plain", readDHTTemperature().c_str());
  });
  server.on("/humidity", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
    request->send_P(200, "text/plain", readDHTHumidity().c_str());
  });

  // Start server
  server.begin();
}
 
void loop(){
  
}

View raw code

Insert your network credentials in the following variables and the code will work straight away.

const char* ssid = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_SSID";
const char* password = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_PASSWORD";

How the Code Works

In the following paragraphs we’ll explain how the code works. Keep reading if you want to learn more or jump to the Demonstration section to see the final result.

Importing libraries

First, import the required libraries. The WiFi, ESPAsyncWebServerand the ESPAsyncTCP are needed to build the web server. The Adafruit_Sensor and the DHTlibraries are needed to read from the DHT11 or DHT22 sensors.

#include "WiFi.h"
#include "ESPAsyncWebServer.h"
#include <ESPAsyncTCP.h>
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>
#include <DHT.h>

Setting your network credentials

Insert your network credentials in the following variables, so that the ESP32 can connect to your local network.

const char* ssid = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_SSID";
const char* password = "REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_PASSWORD";

Variables definition

Define the GPIO that the DHT data pin is connected to. In this case, it’s connected to GPIO 27.

#define DHTPIN 27  // Digital pin connected to the DHT sensor

Then, select the DHT sensor type you’re using. In our example, we’re using the DHT22. If you’re using another type, you just need to uncomment your sensor and comment all the others.

#define DHTTYPE DHT22   // DHT 22 (AM2302)

Instantiate a DHTobject with the type and pin we’ve defined earlier.

DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);

Create an AsyncWebServerobject on port 80.

AsyncWebServer server(80);

Read Temperature and Humidity Functions

We’ve created two functions: one to read the temperature (readDHTTemperature()) and the other to read humidity (readDHTHumidity()).

String readDHTTemperature() {
  // Sensor readings may also be up to 2 seconds 'old' (its a very slow sensor)
  // Read temperature as Celsius (the default)
  float t = dht.readTemperature();
  // Read temperature as Fahrenheit (isFahrenheit = true)
  //float t = dht.readTemperature(true);
  // Check if any reads failed and exit early (to try again).
  if (isnan(t)) { 
    Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
    return "--";
  }
  else {
    Serial.println(t);
    return String(t);
  }
}

Getting sensor readings is as simple as using the readTemperature() and readHumidity()methods on the dht object.

float t = dht.readTemperature();
float h = dht.readHumidity();

We also have a condition that returns two dashes (–) in case the sensor fails to get the readings.

if (isnan(t)) {
  Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
  return "--";
}

The readings are returned as string type. To convert a float to a string, use the String() function.

return String(t);

By default, we’re reading the temperature in Celsius degrees. To get the temperature in Fahrenheit degrees, comment the temperature in Celsius and uncomment the temperature in Fahrenheit, so that you have the following:

//float t = dht.readTemperature();
// Read temperature as Fahrenheit (isFahrenheit = true)
float t = dht.readTemperature(true);

Building the Web Page

Proceeding to the web server page.

ESP32 DHT11 DHT22 Temperature and Humidity web page

As you can see in the above figure, the web page shows one heading and two paragraphs. There is a paragraph to display the temperature and another to display the humidity. There are also two icons to style our page.

Let’s see how this web page is created.

All the HTML text with styles included is stored in the index_html variable. Now we’ll go through the HTML text and see what each part does.

The following <meta> tag makes your web page responsive in any browser.

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

The <link> tag is needed to load the icons from the fontawesome website.

<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.7.2/css/all.css" integrity="sha384-fnmOCqbTlWIlj8LyTjo7mOUStjsKC4pOpQbqyi7RrhN7udi9RwhKkMHpvLbHG9Sr" crossorigin="anonymous">

Styles

Between the <style></style> tags, we add some CSS to style the web page.

<style>
  html {
    font-family: Arial;
    display: inline-block;
    margin: 0px auto;
    text-align: center;
  }
  h2 { font-size: 3.0rem; }
  p { font-size: 3.0rem; }
  .units { font-size: 1.2rem; }
  .dht-labels{
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    vertical-align:middle;
    padding-bottom: 15px;
  }
</style>

Basically, we’re setting the HTML page to display the text with Arial font in block without margin, and aligned at the center.

html {
  font-family: Arial;
  display: inline-block;
  margin: 0px auto;
  text-align: center;
}

We set the font size for the heading (h2), paragraph (p) and the units(.units) of the readings.

h2 { font-size: 3.0rem; }
p { font-size: 3.0rem; }
.units { font-size: 1.2rem; }

The labels for the readings are styled as shown below:

dht-labels{
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  vertical-align:middle;
  padding-bottom: 15px;
}

All of the previous tags should go between the <head> and </head> tags. These tags are used to include content that is not directly visible to the user, like the <meta> , the <link> tags, and the styles.

HTML Body

Inside the <body></body> tags is where we add the web page content.

The <h2></h2> tags add a heading to the web page. In this case, the “ESP32 DHT server” text, but you can add any other text.

<h2>ESP32 DHT Server</h2>

Then, there are two paragraphs. One to display the temperature and the other to display the humidity. The paragraphs are delimited by the <p> and </p> tags. The paragraph for the temperature is the following:

<p>
  <i class="fas fa-thermometer-half" style="color:#059e8a;"</i> 
  <span class="dht-labels">Temperature</span> 
  <span id="temperature">%TEMPERATURE%</span>
  <sup class="units">°C</sup>
</p>

And the paragraph for the humidity is on the following snipet:

<p>
  <i class="fas fa-tint" style="color:#00add6;"></i> 
  <span class="dht-labels">Humidity</span>
  <span id="humidity">%HUMIDITY%</span>
  <sup class="units">%</sup>
</p>

The <i> tags display the fontawesome icons.

How to display icons

To chose the icons, go to the Font Awesome Icons website.

Font Awesome Icons website

Search the icon you’re looking for. For example, “thermometer”.

Font Awesome Icons website thermometer

Click the desired icon. Then, you just need to copy the HTML text provided.

<i class="fas fa-thermometer-half">
Font Awesome Icons website thermometer half

To chose the color, you just need to pass the style parameter with the color in hexadecimal, as follows:

<i class="fas fa-tint" style="color:#00add6;"></i>

Proceeding with the HTML text…

The next line writes the word “Temperature” into the web page.

<span class="dht-labels">Temperature</span>

The TEMPERATURE text between % signs is a placeholder for the temperature value.

<span id="temperature">%TEMPERATURE%</span>

This means that this %TEMPERATURE% text is like a variable that will be replaced by the actual temperature value from the DHT sensor. The placeholders on the HTML text should go between % signs.

Finally, we add the degree symbol.

<sup class="units">°C</sup>

The <sup></sup> tags make the text superscript.

We use the same approach for the humidity paragraph, but it uses a different icon and the %HUMIDITY% placeholder.

<p>
  <i class="fas fa-tint" style="color:#00add6;"></i> 
  <span class="dht-labels">Humidity</span>
  <span id="humidity">%HUMIDITY%</span>
  <sup class="units">%</sup>
</p>

Automatic Updates

Finally, there’s some JavaScript code in our web page that updates the temperature and humidity automatically, every 10 seconds.

Scripts in HTML text should go between the <script></script> tags.

<script>
setInterval(function ( ) {
  var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
  xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
    if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
      document.getElementById("temperature").innerHTML = this.responseText;
    }
  };
  xhttp.open("GET", "/temperature", true);
  xhttp.send();
}, 10000 ) ;

setInterval(function ( ) {
  var xhttp = new XMLHttpRequest();
  xhttp.onreadystatechange = function() {
    if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
      document.getElementById("humidity").innerHTML = this.responseText;
    }
  };
  xhttp.open("GET", "/humidity", true);
  xhttp.send();
}, 10000 ) ;
</script>

To update the temperature on the background, we have a setInterval() function that runs every 10 seconds.

Basically, it makes a request in the /temperature URL to get the latest temperature reading.

  xhttp.open("GET", "/temperature", true);
  xhttp.send();
}, 10000 ) ;

When it receives that value, it updates the HTML element whose id is temperature.

if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
  document.getElementById("temperature").innerHTML = this.responseText;
}

In summary, this previous section is responsible for updating the temperature asynchronously. The same process is repeated for the humidity readings.

Important: since the DHT sensor is quite slow getting the readings, if you plan to have multiple clients connected to an ESP32 at the same time, we recommend increasing the request interval or remove the automatic updates.

Processor

Now, we need to create the processor() function, that will replace the placeholders in our HTML text with the actual temperature and humidity values.

String processor(const String& var){
  //Serial.println(var);
  if(var == "TEMPERATURE"){
    return readDHTTemperature();
  }
  else if(var == "HUMIDITY"){
    return readDHTHumidity();
  }
  return String();
}

When the web page is requested, we check if the HTML has any placeholders. If it finds the %TEMPERATURE% placeholder, we return the temperature by calling the readDHTTemperature() function created previously.

if(var == "TEMPERATURE"){
  return readDHTTemperature();
}

If the placeholder is %HUMIDITY%, we return the humidity value.

else if(var == "HUMIDITY"){
  return readDHTHumidity();
}

setup()

In the setup(), initialize the Serial Monitor for debugging purposes.

Serial.begin(115200);

Initialize the DHT sensor.

dht.begin();

Connect to your local network and print the ESP32 IP address.

WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
  delay(1000);
  Serial.println("Connecting to WiFi..");
}

Finally, add the next lines of code to handle the web server.

server.on("/", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
  request->send_P(200, "text/html", index_html, processor);
});
server.on("/temperature", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
  request->send_P(200, "text/plain", readDHTTemperature().c_str());
});
server.on("/humidity", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
  request->send_P(200, "text/plain", readDHTHumidity().c_str());
});

When we make a request on the root URL, we send the HTML text that is stored on the index_html variable. We also need to pass the processorfunction, that will replace all the placeholders with the right values.

server.on("/", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
  request->send_P(200, "text/html", index_html, processor);
});

We need to add two additional handlers to update the temperature and humidity readings. When we receive a request on the /temperature URL, we simply need to send the updated temperature value. It is plain text, and it should be sent as a char, so, we use the c_str() method.

server.on("/temperature", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
  request->send_P(200, "text/plain", readDHTTemperature().c_str());
});

The same process is repeated for the humidity.

server.on("/humidity", HTTP_GET, [](AsyncWebServerRequest *request){
  request->send_P(200, "text/plain", readDHTHumidity().c_str());
});

Lastly, we can start the server.

server.begin();

Because this is an asynchronous web server, we don’t need to write anything in the loop().

void loop(){

}

That’s pretty much how the code works.

Upload the Code

Now, upload the code to your ESP32. Make sure you have the right board and COM port selected.

After uploading, open the Serial Monitor at a baud rate of 115200. Press the ESP32 reset button. The ESP32 IP address should be printed in the serial monitor.

Upload the DHT11 DHT22 ESP32 Sketch Code Example

Web Server Demonstration

Open a browser and type the ESP32 IP address. Your web server should display the latest sensor readings.

Notice that the temperature and humidity readings are updated automatically without the need to refresh the web page.

ESP32 DHT11/DHT22 Web Server - Temperature and Humidity using Arduino IDE Demonstration

Troubleshooting

If your DHT sensor fails to get the readings, read our DHT Troubleshooting Guide to help you fix the issue.

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