alex9ufo 聰明人求知心切: 4月 2026

2026年4月25日星期六

Adam DO5 DI12 + Python + Node-Red

Adam DO*5 DI*12 + Python + Node-Red

為了讓您的系統穩定運行，建議的最終接線如下：

功能	ADAM 端子	對接目標
DI 輸入 (乾接點)	`DI0` ~ `DI11`	開關的一端
DI 共同端	DI.COM	開關的另一端 (接 GND)
DO 輸出	`DO0` ~ `DO5`	負載 (如繼電器、指示燈)
DO 共同端	DO.COM	外部電源的+極 (Open collector)

Python 程式

import tkinter as tk

from tkinter import messagebox

from pyModbusTCP.client import ModbusClient

import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt

import json

import threading

import time

# --- Topic 定義 (兩者皆為發布) ---

TOPIC_DI_PUBLISH = "alex9ufo/adam6050/input" # 程式發行 DI 狀態

TOPIC_DO_PUBLISH = "alex9ufo/adam6050/output" # 程式發行 DO 狀態

PUBLISH_INTERVAL = 5 # 每 5 秒強制發行一次

class Adam6050DualPublishHmi:

def __init__(self, root):

self.root = root

self.root.title("ADAM-6050 雙向發行控制面板 (alex9ufo)")

self.root.geometry("400x450")

# 1. 通訊初始化

self.modbus_client = ModbusClient(port=502, timeout=2.0, auto_open=False)

try:

self.mqtt_client = mqtt.Client(mqtt.CallbackAPIVersion.VERSION1)

except:

self.mqtt_client = mqtt.Client()

self.mqtt_client.on_connect = self.on_mqtt_connect

self.mqtt_client.on_disconnect = self.on_mqtt_disconnect

# 2. 狀態與緩存

self.modbus_active = False

self.mqtt_active = False

self.last_di_data = [] # 用於偵測 DI 變化

self.last_pub_time = 0 # 上次發行時間

self.di_labels = []

self.do_vars = []

self.setup_ui()

self.root.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.on_closing)

def setup_ui(self):

# --- 連線設定區域 ---

cfg_frame = tk.LabelFrame(self.root, text="通訊設定", padx=10, pady=10)

cfg_frame.pack(padx=15, pady=10, fill="x")

# Adam IP

tk.Label(cfg_frame, text="Adam IP:").grid(row=0, column=0)

self.adam_ip_entry = tk.Entry(cfg_frame, width=15)

self.adam_ip_entry.insert(0, "192.168.50.122")

self.adam_ip_entry.grid(row=0, column=1)

self.adam_btn = tk.Button(cfg_frame, text="連線 Adam", command=self.toggle_adam, width=10)

self.adam_btn.grid(row=0, column=2, padx=5)

self.adam_led = tk.Canvas(cfg_frame, width=15, height=15, highlightthickness=0)

self.adam_led.grid(row=0, column=3)

self.adam_circle = self.adam_led.create_oval(2,2,13,13, fill="gray")

# MQTT Broker

tk.Label(cfg_frame, text="Broker:").grid(row=1, column=0)

self.mqtt_entry = tk.Entry(cfg_frame, width=15)

self.mqtt_entry.insert(0, "broker.mqtt-dashboard.com")

self.mqtt_entry.grid(row=1, column=1)

self.mqtt_btn = tk.Button(cfg_frame, text="連線 MQTT", command=self.toggle_mqtt, width=10)

self.mqtt_btn.grid(row=1, column=2, padx=5)

self.mqtt_led = tk.Canvas(cfg_frame, width=15, height=15, highlightthickness=0)

self.mqtt_led.grid(row=1, column=3)

self.mqtt_circle = self.mqtt_led.create_oval(2,2,13,13, fill="gray")

# --- DI 顯示區域 ---

di_frame = tk.LabelFrame(self.root, text="DI 狀態 (乾接點: DI 短路至 GND 觸發)", padx=10, pady=10)

di_frame.pack(padx=15, pady=5, fill="both", expand=True)

for i in range(12):

lbl = tk.Label(di_frame, text=f"DI_{i:02d}", width=8, height=2, bg="#333333", fg="white", font=("Arial", 9, "bold"))

lbl.grid(row=i // 4, column=i % 4, padx=5, pady=5)

self.di_labels.append(lbl)

# --- DO 控制區域 ---

do_frame = tk.LabelFrame(self.root, text="DO 控制 (點擊即發行至 /output)", padx=10, pady=10)

do_frame.pack(padx=15, pady=5, fill="both", expand=True)

for i in range(6):

var = tk.BooleanVar()

# 當畫面上勾選框改變時，執行 publish_do_and_sync

chk = tk.Checkbutton(do_frame, text=f"DO_{i:02d}", variable=var, command=self.publish_do_and_sync)

chk.grid(row=i // 3, column=i % 3, padx=15, pady=10)

self.do_vars.append(var)

# --- Adam 控制邏輯 ---

def toggle_adam(self):

if not self.modbus_active:

self.modbus_client.host = self.adam_ip_entry.get().strip()

if self.modbus_client.open():

self.modbus_active = True

self.adam_btn.config(text="斷開 Adam", bg="#ffcccc")

threading.Thread(target=self.adam_polling, daemon=True).start()

else:

messagebox.showerror("錯誤", "無法連線到 ADAM-6050")

else:

self.modbus_active = False

self.modbus_client.close()

self.adam_btn.config(text="連線 Adam", bg="#f0f0f0")

self.set_led(self.adam_led, self.adam_circle, "gray")

def adam_polling(self):

"""偵測實體 DI 變化並發行"""

while self.modbus_active:

di_data = self.modbus_client.read_discrete_inputs(0, 12)

if di_data is not None:

self.set_led(self.adam_led, self.adam_circle, "#00FF00")

# UI 更新顏色

for i, val in enumerate(di_data):

self.di_labels[i].config(bg="#4CAF50" if val else "#333333")

# 偵測 DI 變化，若有變則立即發行

if di_data != self.last_di_data:

self.publish_status(TOPIC_DI_PUBLISH, "DI_STATUS", "di_all", di_data)

self.last_di_data = di_data

else:

self.set_led(self.adam_led, self.adam_circle, "#F44336")

time.sleep(0.5)

# --- MQTT 邏輯 ---

def toggle_mqtt(self):

if not self.mqtt_active:

try:

self.mqtt_client.connect(self.mqtt_entry.get().strip(), 1883, 60)

self.mqtt_client.loop_start()

# 啟動定時發行執行緒 (5秒一次)

threading.Thread(target=self.publish_timer, daemon=True).start()

except:

messagebox.showerror("錯誤", "無法連線到 MQTT Broker")

else:

self.mqtt_active = False

self.mqtt_client.loop_stop()

def publish_timer(self):

"""每 5 秒強制發行一次 DI 與 DO 的全狀態"""

while self.mqtt_active:

# 強制發行 DI

if self.last_di_data:

self.publish_status(TOPIC_DI_PUBLISH, "DI_SNAPSHOT", "di_all", self.last_di_data)

# 強制發行 DO

do_states = [var.get() for var in self.do_vars]

self.publish_status(TOPIC_DO_PUBLISH, "DO_SNAPSHOT", "do_all", do_states)

time.sleep(PUBLISH_INTERVAL)

def publish_do_and_sync(self):

"""當使用者操作 DO 時，同步實體設備並發行訊息"""

do_states = [var.get() for var in self.do_vars]

# 1. 實體 Modbus 控制

if self.modbus_active and self.modbus_client.is_open:

self.modbus_client.write_multiple_coils(16, do_states)

# 2. 發行到 alex9ufo/adam6050/output

self.publish_status(TOPIC_DO_PUBLISH, "DO_CHANGE", "do_all", do_states)

def publish_status(self, topic, msg_type, key_name, data_list):

"""通用的發行 JSON 函式"""

if self.mqtt_active:

payload = {

"adam_ip": self.adam_ip_entry.get().strip(),

"type": msg_type,

key_name: data_list,

"timestamp": time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")

}

self.mqtt_client.publish(topic, json.dumps(payload), qos=0)

print(f"Published to {topic}: {msg_type}")

# --- 通用處理 ---

def on_mqtt_connect(self, client, userdata, flags, rc):

if rc == 0:

self.mqtt_active = True

self.mqtt_btn.config(text="斷開 MQTT", bg="#ffcccc")

self.set_led(self.mqtt_led, self.mqtt_circle, "#00FF00")

else:

self.set_led(self.mqtt_led, self.mqtt_circle, "red")

def on_mqtt_disconnect(self, client, userdata, rc):

self.mqtt_active = False

self.mqtt_btn.config(text="連線 MQTT", bg="#f0f0f0")

self.set_led(self.mqtt_led, self.mqtt_circle, "gray")

def set_led(self, canvas, item, color):

canvas.itemconfig(item, fill=color)

def on_closing(self):

self.modbus_active = False

self.mqtt_active = False

self.modbus_client.close()

self.mqtt_client.disconnect()

self.root.destroy()

if __name__ == "__main__":

root = tk.Tk()

app = Adam6050DualPublishHmi(root)

root.mainloop()

Node-RED 邏輯流程設計

我們需要兩個核心邏輯：

DI 監測流：訂閱 .../input -> 解析 di_all 陣列 -> 分送至 12 個 LED。
DO 監測流：訂閱 .../output -> 解析 do_all 陣列 -> 分送至 6 個 LED。

Function 節點 (解析 DI)：使用一個 Function 節點將陣列拆分成多個輸出訊息。

JavaScript
// 將 di_all 陣列內容分別傳送到 12 個輸出埠
var di = msg.payload.di_all;
var messages = [];
for (var i = 0; i < 12; i++) {
    messages.push({ payload: di[i] });
}
return messages;

重要設定：在該 Function 節點的設定下方，將 Outputs 數量改為 12。

UI LED 節點：

拖入 12 個 ui_led 節點。
將 Function 節點的 12 個輸出點分別連線到這 12 個 LED。
設定 LED：顏色（ON: green, OFF: gray）。

Function 節點 (解析 DO)：

JavaScript
var do_list = msg.payload.do_all;
var messages = [];
for (var i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
    messages.push({ payload: do_list[i] });
}
return messages;

將 Outputs 數量改為 6。

Node-Red程式

2026年4月22日星期三

ESP32 and Node-RED with MQTT (Publish and Subscribe)

參考來源 https://randomnerdtutorials.com/esp8266-and-node-red-with-mqtt/

mqtt_server = "broker.mqtt-dashboard.com"

client.publish("alex9ufo/Thinkitive/temp"

client.publish("alex9ufo/Thinkitive/hum"

client.subscribe("alex9ufo/room/lamp");

WOKWI ESP32程式

#include <WiFi.h>  
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <DHTesp.h>

// Uncomment one of the lines bellow for whatever DHT sensor type you're using!
#define DHTTYPE DHT22   // DHT 22  (AM2302), AM2321
const int DHT_PIN = 15;  // DHT 感測器的連接 PIN
const int lamp = 4;
DHTesp dht; 
const char* ssid = "Wokwi-GUEST"; // WiFi SSID
const char* password = ""; // WiFi 密碼
const char* mqtt_server = "broker.mqtt-dashboard.com"; // MQTT 服務器地址

WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);
unsigned long lastMsg = 0; // 記錄上一次消息發送的時間
float temp = 0; // 溫度變量
float hum = 0; // 濕度變量

// 設置 WiFi 連接
void setup_wifi() {
  delay(10);
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);

  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }

  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

// MQTT 消息回調函數
// This function is executed when some device publishes a message to a topic that your ESP8266 is subscribed to
// Change the function below to add logic to your program, so when a device publishes a message to a topic that 
// your ESP8266 is subscribed you can actually do something
//==============================================================
void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) {
  payload[length] = '\0';
  String message = String((char*)payload);
  Serial.print("Message arrived in topic: ");
  Serial.println(topic);
  Serial.print("Message: ");
  Serial.println( message);

  if (String(topic) == "alex9ufo/room/lamp") {

  if (message == "on") 
    digitalWrite(lamp, HIGH); // LOW to activate

  if (message == "off") 
    digitalWrite(lamp, LOW); // LOW to activate
  Serial.println();
  Serial.println("-----------------------");
  }
}
//==============================================================

// This functions reconnects your ESP8266 to your MQTT broker
// Change the function below if you want to subscribe to more topics with your ESP8266 

// 重連 MQTT 服務器
void reconnect() { 
  while (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
    String clientId = "ESP32Client-";
    clientId += String(random(0xffff), HEX);
    if (client.connect(clientId.c_str())) {
      Serial.println("Connected");
      
      // 關鍵修正：必須訂閱你想要接收的主題
      client.subscribe("alex9ufo/room/lamp"); 
      
      // 這是您原本訂閱的主題（如果沒用到可以移除）
      client.subscribe("alex9ufo/ThinkIOT/Subscribe"); 
      
      client.publish("alex9ufo/ThinkIOT/Publish", "Welcome");
    } else {
      Serial.print("failed, rc=");
      Serial.print(client.state());
      Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}

// 初始化設置
void setup() {
  pinMode(lamp, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(115200);
  setup_wifi(); 
  client.setServer(mqtt_server, 1883);
  client.setCallback(callback); 
  dht.setup(DHT_PIN, DHTesp::DHT22); // 初始化 DHT22
}

// 主循環
void loop() {
  // 如果未連接 MQTT，則嘗試重新連接
  if (!client.connected()) {
    reconnect();
  }
  client.loop();

  unsigned long now = millis();
  if (now - lastMsg > 5000) { // 每 2 秒發布一次數據
    lastMsg = now;
    TempAndHumidity  data = dht.getTempAndHumidity();

    String temp = String(data.temperature, 2);
    client.publish("alex9ufo/Thinkitive/temp", temp.c_str()); // 發布溫度數據
    String hum = String(data.humidity, 1); 
    client.publish("alex9ufo/Thinkitive/hum", hum.c_str());   // 發布濕度數據

    Serial.print("Temperature: ");
    Serial.println(temp);
    Serial.print("Humidity: ");
    Serial.println(hum);
  }
}

Node-Red 程式

[{"id":"3322eee9576783df","type":"mqtt in","z":"4b78f7e5d13e6604","name":"濕度","topic":"alex9ufo/Thinkitive/hum","qos":"1","datatype":"auto-detect","broker":"b9efc827e98bf7f9","nl":false,"rap":true,"rh":0,"inputs":0,"x":230,"y":120,"wires":[["c955bb867c3764eb"]]},{"id":"e10e2c7d299e3c2c","type":"mqtt out","z":"4b78f7e5d13e6604","name":"燈泡","topic":"alex9ufo/room/lamp","qos":"1","retain":"","respTopic":"","contentType":"","userProps":"","correl":"","expiry":"","broker":"b9efc827e98bf7f9","x":410,"y":180,"wires":[]},{"id":"df3ef8083edb59a3","type":"mqtt in","z":"4b78f7e5d13e6604","name":"溫度","topic":"alex9ufo/Thinkitive/temp","qos":"1","datatype":"auto-detect","broker":"b9efc827e98bf7f9","nl":false,"rap":true,"rh":0,"inputs":0,"x":230,"y":60,"wires":[["88fc71e9f52b3d9e"]]},{"id":"4619b3053d03f1a8","type":"ui_switch","z":"4b78f7e5d13e6604","name":"","label":"switch","tooltip":"","group":"3ac0cc1879cac657","order":0,"width":0,"height":0,"passthru":true,"decouple":"false","topic":"topic","topicType":"msg","style":"","onvalue":"on","onvalueType":"str","onicon":"","oncolor":"","offvalue":"off","offvalueType":"str","officon":"","offcolor":"","animate":false,"className":"","x":230,"y":180,"wires":[["e10e2c7d299e3c2c"]]},{"id":"88fc71e9f52b3d9e","type":"ui_chart","z":"4b78f7e5d13e6604","name":"溫度","group":"9cb87f6334be2cce","order":1,"width":0,"height":0,"label":"chart","chartType":"line","legend":"false","xformat":"HH:mm:ss","interpolate":"step","nodata":"","dot":false,"ymin":"0","ymax":"40","removeOlder":1,"removeOlderPoints":"","removeOlderUnit":"3600","cutout":0,"useOneColor":false,"useUTC":false,"colors":["#1f77b4","#aec7e8","#ff7f0e","#2ca02c","#98df8a","#d62728","#ff9896","#9467bd","#c5b0d5"],"outputs":1,"useDifferentColor":false,"className":"","x":410,"y":60,"wires":[[]]},{"id":"c955bb867c3764eb","type":"ui_gauge","z":"4b78f7e5d13e6604","name":"濕度'","group":"9cb87f6334be2cce","order":2,"width":0,"height":0,"gtype":"gage","title":"Humidity","label":"%","format":"{{value}}","min":0,"max":"100","colors":["#00b500","#e6e600","#ca3838"],"seg1":"","seg2":"","diff":false,"className":"","x":410,"y":120,"wires":[]},{"id":"b9efc827e98bf7f9","type":"mqtt-broker","name":"broker.mqtt-dashboard.com","broker":"broker.mqtt-dashboard.com","port":"1883","clientid":"","autoConnect":true,"usetls":false,"protocolVersion":"4","keepalive":"60","cleansession":true,"autoUnsubscribe":true,"birthTopic":"","birthQos":"0","birthRetain":"false","birthPayload":"","birthMsg":{},"closeTopic":"","closeQos":"0","closeRetain":"false","closePayload":"","closeMsg":{},"willTopic":"","willQos":"0","willRetain":"false","willPayload":"","willMsg":{},"userProps":"","sessionExpiry":""},{"id":"3ac0cc1879cac657","type":"ui_group","name":"Lamp","tab":"0c1ba72ccee260d2","order":2,"disp":true,"width":"6","collapse":false,"className":""},{"id":"9cb87f6334be2cce","type":"ui_group","name":"Sensor","tab":"0c1ba72ccee260d2","order":1,"disp":true,"width":"6","collapse":false,"className":""},{"id":"0c1ba72ccee260d2","type":"ui_tab","name":"Room","icon":"dashboard","disabled":false,"hidden":false}]

Node Red MQTT

Node Red MQTT

https://hackmd.io/@joe94113/node-red_mqtt_esp32_and_open_api

wokwi程式修改mqtt_server = "broker.mqtt-dashboard.com"; // MQTT 服務器地址

#include <WiFi.h>  
#include <PubSubClient.h>
#include <DHTesp.h>

const int DHT_PIN = 15;  // DHT 感測器的連接 PIN
DHTesp dht; 
const char* ssid = "Wokwi-GUEST"; // WiFi SSID
const char* password = ""; // WiFi 密碼
const char* mqtt_server = "broker.mqtt-dashboard.com"; // MQTT 服務器地址

WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);
unsigned long lastMsg = 0; // 記錄上一次消息發送的時間
float temp = 0; // 溫度變量
float hum = 0; // 濕度變量

// 設置 WiFi 連接
void setup_wifi() { 
  delay(10);
  Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(ssid);

  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA); 
  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);

  // 等待 WiFi 連接
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) { 
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }

  randomSeed(micros());

  Serial.println("");
  Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  Serial.println("IP address: ");
  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}

// MQTT 消息回調函數
void callback(char* topic, byte* payload, unsigned int length) { 
  Serial.print("Message arrived [");
  Serial.print(topic);
  Serial.print("] ");
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { 
    Serial.print((char)payload[i]);
  }
}

// 重連 MQTT 服務器
void reconnect() { 
  while (!client.connected()) {
    Serial.print("Attempting MQTT connection...");
    String clientId = "ESP32Client-";
    clientId += String(random(0xffff), HEX);
    if (client.connect(clientId.c_str())) {
      Serial.println("Connected");
      client.publish("/ThinkIOT/Publish", "Welcome");
      client.subscribe("/ThinkIOT/Subscribe"); 
    } else {
      Serial.print("failed, rc=");
      Serial.print(client.state());
      Serial.println(" try again in 5 seconds");
      delay(5000);
    }
  }
}

// 初始化設置
void setup() {
  pinMode(2, OUTPUT);     
  Serial.begin(115200);
  setup_wifi(); 
  client.setServer(mqtt_server, 1883);
  client.setCallback(callback); 
  dht.setup(DHT_PIN, DHTesp::DHT22); // 初始化 DHT22
}

// 主循環
void loop() {
  // 如果未連接 MQTT，則嘗試重新連接
  if (!client.connected()) {
    reconnect();
  }
  client.loop();

  unsigned long now = millis();
  if (now - lastMsg > 2000) { // 每 2 秒發布一次數據
    lastMsg = now;
    TempAndHumidity  data = dht.getTempAndHumidity();

    String temp = String(data.temperature, 2);
    client.publish("/Thinkitive/temp", temp.c_str()); // 發布溫度數據
    String hum = String(data.humidity, 1); 
    client.publish("/Thinkitive/hum", hum.c_str());   // 發布濕度數據

    Serial.print("Temperature: ");
    Serial.println(temp);
    Serial.print("Humidity: ");
    Serial.println(hum);
  }
}

看到這個提示別擔心，這通常是因為瀏覽器基於安全性考量暫時關閉了腳本功能。只要幾個簡單的步驟就能重新開啟。

以下是針對目前主流瀏覽器的開啟教學：

1. Google Chrome (電腦版)

點擊瀏覽器右上角的 「三個點」 圖示，選擇 「設定」。
在左側選單點擊 「隱私權和安全性」。
點擊 「網站設定」。
向下滑動找到「內容」區塊，點擊 「JavaScript」。
勾選 「網站可以使用 JavaScript」。
回到原本的網頁並 重新整理 (F5)。

2. Microsoft Edge

點擊右上角的 「三個點」 圖示，選擇 「設定」。
在左側選單選擇 「Cookie 和網站權限」。
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Node-RED 中安裝 MQTT broker 的步驟，並可以開始使用 MQTT 進行消息傳輸

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Node-RED 中配置 MQTT 並訂閱 ESP32 發送資料

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Node-RED 中連接到一個公開的氣象資料 API，並抓取各地區的溫度等氣象資訊

兩個圖表一起顯示 Node-Red

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