2024 RFID 作業1 (ESP32 + MFRC522 + MQTT + Node-Red )
系統圖:
硬體: usb 線 MFRC522 + 卡片 ESP32
- Vcc <-> 3V3 (or Vin(5V) depending on the module version)
- RST (Reset) <-> D0
- GND (Masse) <-> GND
- MISO (Master Input Slave Output) <-> 19
- MOSI (Master Output Slave Input) <-> 23
- SCK (Serial Clock) <-> 18
- SS/SDA (Slave select) <-> 5
軟體:
Arduino IDE https://www.arduino.cc/en/software
MQTT Explorer https://mqtt-explorer.com/
MQTT-explorer
MQTT-explorer提供了更完整的功能
- 可視化Topic和Topic活動
- 刪除保留的Topic
- 搜索/過濾Topic
- 發布Topic
- 繪製數值類型的Topic折線圖
- 保留每個Topic的歷史記錄
- 深色/淺色外觀主題
https://ithelp.ithome.com.tw/articles/10201795
Node-Red Dashboard 安裝方法
http://blog.3dgowl.com/node-red-dashboard%E5%84%80%E8%A1%A8%E6%9D%BF/
ESP32與MFRC522連接方式 (請 留意 每個人買到的ESP32 腳位 會不太一樣)
ESP32 Pinout Reference – A Complete Guide
https://linuxhint.com/esp32-pinout-reference/#1.1
//定義MFRC522 RFID read 與 ESP32 介面 接腳連接Pin assign
/* Wiring RFID RC522 module
==============================================================
GND = GND 3.3V = 3.3V
The following table shows the typical pin layout used:
* MFRC522 ESP32
* Reader/PCD
* Signal Pin Pin
* -----------------------------------
* RST/Reset RST GPIO27
* SPI SS SDA(SS) GPIO5
* SPI MOSI MOSI GPIO23
* SPI MISO MISO GPIO19
* SPI SCK SCK GPIO18
*
[1] (1, 2) Configurable, typically defined as RST_PIN in sketch/program.
[2] (1, 2) Configurable, typically defined as SS_PIN in sketch/program.
[3] The SDA pin might be labeled SS on some/older MFRC522 boards
==== =========================================================
arduino_secrets.h 檔案內容用wordpad 編輯存檔
#define SECRET_SSID ""
#define SECRET_PASS ""
沒有此檔案 compile (Verify)會錯誤
//定義MFRC522 RFID read 與 ESP32 介面 接腳連接Pin assign
/* Wiring RFID RC522 module
==============================================================
GND = GND 3.3V = 3.3V
The following table shows the typical pin layout used:
* MFRC522 ESP32
* Reader/PCD
* Signal Pin Pin
* -----------------------------------
* RST/Reset RST GPIO27
* SPI SS SDA(SS) GPIO5
* SPI MOSI MOSI GPIO23
* SPI MISO MISO GPIO19
* SPI SCK SCK GPIO18
*
[1] (1, 2) Configurable, typically defined as RST_PIN in sketch/program.
[2] (1, 2) Configurable, typically defined as SS_PIN in sketch/program.
[3] The SDA pin might be labeled SS on some/older MFRC522 boards
=============================================================
*/
// Wifi 與 MQttClient 程式庫
#include <ArduinoMqttClient.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include "arduino_secrets.h"
//MFRC522 程式庫
#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
///////please enter your sensitive data in the Secret tab/arduino_secrets.h
//char ssid[] = "TOTOLINK_A3002MU"; // your network SSID (name)
//char pass[] = "24063173"; // your network password (use for WPA, or use as key for WEP)
char ssid[] = "dlink-103A"; // your network SSID (name)
char pass[] = "bdcce12882"; // your network password (use for WPA, or use as key for WEP)
WiFiClient wifiClient;
MqttClient mqttClient(wifiClient);
//const char broker[] = "test.mosquitto.org";
const char broker[] = "broker.mqtt-dashboard.com";
int port = 1883;
String json = "";
const char *topic1 = "alex9ufo/RFID/read";
const char *topic3 = "alex9ufo/RFID/back";
const char willTopic[] = "alex9ufo/will";
//======================================================
#define RST_PIN 27 // 讀卡機的重置腳位
#define SS_PIN 5 // 晶片選擇腳位
MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN); // 建立MFRC522物件
MFRC522::MIFARE_Key key; // 儲存金鑰
MFRC522::StatusCode status;
//===========================================================
void onMqttMessage(int messageSize) {
// we received a message, print out the topic and contents
Serial.print("Received a message with topic '");
Serial.print(mqttClient.messageTopic());
String Topic= mqttClient.messageTopic();
Serial.print("', duplicate = ");
Serial.print(mqttClient.messageDup() ? "true" : "false");
Serial.print(", QoS = ");
Serial.print(mqttClient.messageQoS());
Serial.print(", retained = ");
Serial.print(mqttClient.messageRetain() ? "true" : "false");
Serial.print("', length ");
Serial.print(messageSize);
Serial.println(" bytes:");
String topicIN="";
// use the Stream interface to print the contents
while (mqttClient.available()) {
//Serial.print((char)mqttClient.read());
topicIN=topicIN+(char)mqttClient.read();
}
Serial.println(topicIN);
topicIN.trim();
}
//===========================================================
String printHex(byte *buffer, byte bufferSize) {
String id = "";
for (byte i = 0; i < bufferSize; i++) {
id += buffer[i] < 0x10 ? "0" : "";
id += String(buffer[i], HEX);
id +=" ";
}
return id;
}
//===========================================================
//副程式 setup wifi
void setup_wifi() {
delay(10);
// We start by connecting to a WiFi network
Serial.println();
Serial.print("Connecting to ");
Serial.println(ssid); //print ssid
WiFi.begin(ssid, pass); //初始化WiFi 函式庫並回傳目前的網路狀態
while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
delay(500);
Serial.print(".");
} //假設 wifi 未連接 show ………
Serial.println("");
Serial.println("WiFi connected");
Serial.println("IP address: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
}
//===========================================================
void setup() {
//Initialize serial and wait for port to open:
Serial.begin(115200); // Initialize serial communications with the PC
while (!Serial); // Do nothing if no serial port is opened (added for Arduinos based on ATMEGA32U4)
setup_wifi();
Serial.println("You're connected to the network");
Serial.println();
String willPayload = "oh no!";
bool willRetain = true;
int willQos = 1;
mqttClient.beginWill(willTopic, willPayload.length(), willRetain, willQos);
mqttClient.print(willPayload);
mqttClient.endWill();
Serial.print("Attempting to connect to the MQTT broker: ");
Serial.println(broker);
if (!mqttClient.connect(broker, port)) {
Serial.print("MQTT connection failed! Error code = ");
Serial.println(mqttClient.connectError());
while (1);
}
Serial.println("You're connected to the MQTT broker!");
Serial.println();
// set the message receive callback
mqttClient.onMessage(onMqttMessage);
SPI.begin(); // Init SPI bus
mfrc522.PCD_Init(); // Init MFRC522
delay(4); // Optional delay. Some board do need more time after init to be ready, see Readme
mfrc522.PCD_DumpVersionToSerial(); // Show details of PCD - MFRC522 Card Reader details
Serial.println(F("Scan PICC to see UID, SAK, type, and data blocks..."));
}
//===========================================================
void loop() {
// call poll() regularly to allow the library to receive MQTT messages and
// send MQTT keep alives which avoids being disconnected by the broker
mqttClient.poll();
// to avoid having delays in loop, we'll use the strategy from BlinkWithoutDelay
// see: File -> Examples -> 02.Digital -> BlinkWithoutDelay for more info
unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
if (mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent() && mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) {
Serial.println(F("Please scan MIFARE Classic card..."));
// 確認是否有新卡片
byte *id = mfrc522.uid.uidByte; // 取得卡片的UID
byte idSize = mfrc522.uid.size; // 取得UID的長度
String Type;
Serial.print("PICC type: "); // 顯示卡片類型
// 根據卡片回應的SAK值（mfrc522.uid.sak）判斷卡片類型
MFRC522::PICC_Type piccType = mfrc522.PICC_GetType(mfrc522.uid.sak);
Type= mfrc522.PICC_GetTypeName(piccType);
Serial.println(mfrc522.PICC_GetTypeName(piccType));
Serial.print("UID Size: "); // 顯示卡片的UID長度值
Serial.println(idSize);
for (byte i = 0; i < idSize; i++) { // 逐一顯示UID碼
Serial.print("id[");
Serial.print(i);
Serial.print("]: ");
Serial.println(id[i], HEX); // 以16進位顯示UID值
}
Serial.println();
json="";
json = json +(" Card UID: ");
String json1=printHex(mfrc522.uid.uidByte, mfrc522.uid.size);
json1.toUpperCase();
json = json + json1;
json.trim();
json = json +(" , PICC type: ");
json = json + Type;
json.trim();
bool retained = false;
int qos = 1;
bool dup = false;
mqttClient.beginMessage(topic3, json.length(), retained, qos, dup);
mqttClient.print(json);
mqttClient.endMessage();
Serial.println();
// Dump debug info about the card; PICC_HaltA() is automatically called
mfrc522.PICC_DumpToSerial(&(mfrc522.uid));
// Dump debug info about the card; PICC_HaltA() is automatically called
// 令卡片進入停止狀態
mfrc522.PICC_HaltA();
mfrc522.PCD_StopCrypto1(); // stop encryption on PCD
}
}
////===========================================================
Node-Red程式:
[{"id":"4499ce1a4824f4e6","type":"ui_text","z":"3c83a362ab19a958","group":"c3d8097ebce346d7","order":1,"width":10,"height":2,"name":"","label":"ESP回來字串","format":"{{msg.payload}}","layout":"row-spread","className":"","x":400,"y":120,"wires":[]},{"id":"088e9a8c1ed9784e","type":"mqtt in","z":"3c83a362ab19a958","name":"","topic":"alex9ufo/RFID/back","qos":"1","datatype":"auto-detect","broker":"841df58d.ee5e98","nl":false,"rap":true,"rh":0,"inputs":0,"x":170,"y":120,"wires":[["4499ce1a4824f4e6"]]},{"id":"c3d8097ebce346d7","type":"ui_group","name":"RFID UID READ","tab":"048debf3dd7e9641","order":3,"disp":true,"width":10,"collapse":false,"className":""},{"id":"841df58d.ee5e98","type":"mqtt-broker","name":"","broker":"broker.hivemq.com","port":"1883","clientid":"","autoConnect":true,"usetls":false,"compatmode":false,"protocolVersion":"4","keepalive":"15","cleansession":true,"birthTopic":"","birthQos":"0","birthPayload":"","birthMsg":{},"closeTopic":"","closePayload":"","closeMsg":{},"willTopic":"","willQos":"0","willPayload":"","willMsg":{},"userProps":"","sessionExpiry":""},{"id":"048debf3dd7e9641","type":"ui_tab","name":"2024 RFID ","icon":"dashboard","disabled":false,"hidden":false}]
把 node-red 程式 copy 後 匯入到 node-red中
一、安裝/刪除節點
1.點選右上角的三條橫線下拉選單→「節點管理」(圖1)
2.進入後可以看到已安裝的節點，在此可以禁用或刪除(圖2)
3.被刪除的節點可以再次重新安裝
4.切換至安裝頁面，上方可輸入關鍵字搜尋(圖3)
5.選取要得節點後按下右下角安裝即會進入安裝狀態
特別提醒：安裝和刪除時請確保Node-RED正確運作，切勿關閉或斷線，會造成系統異常而無法開啟和編輯
6.新增的節點將會出現於主畫面左側的節點區
二、匯入/匯出流程
1.點選右上角的三條橫線下拉選單→「匯入、匯出」(圖4)
(1)匯入：將外部檔案放入自己的Node-RED中編輯使用
(2)匯出：將自己的專案轉成jason或文字碼供他人使用
2.點選「匯入」→「匯入所選檔案」→「匯入」(圖5)
特別提醒：若匯入他人資料時本身沒有資料中的結點，Node-RED會無法辨識而跳出警示，需要針對該節點去新增安裝後重新匯入一次，始得正常使用
3.點選「匯出」→「現在的節點」→「下載」(圖6)
(1)按下下載後會匯出jason檔案，需要時再使用匯入功能即可取回資料至Node-RED中
(2)下載旁的「匯出到剪貼簿」會生成文字碼(記事本可開啟)，兩種都可以作為匯出的方式
(3)建議當專案完成後即可匯出檔案作為備份以免遺失
實驗結果:
1) Arduino Serial monitor
You're connected to the MQTT broker!
Firmware Version: 0x92 = v2.0
Scan PICC to see UID, SAK, type, and data blocks...
Please scan MIFARE Classic card...
PICC type: MIFARE 1KB
UID Size: 4
id[0]: 86
id[1]: D5
id[2]: EA
id[3]: 6A
Card UID: 86 D5 EA 6A
Card SAK: 08
PICC type: MIFARE 1KB
Sector Block 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 AccessBits
15 63 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
62 61 6C 65 78 39 75 66 6F 74 65 73 74 69 6E 67 35 [ 0 0 0 ]
61 61 6C 65 78 39 75 66 6F 74 65 73 74 69 6E 67 31 [ 0 0 0 ]
60 61 6C 65 78 39 75 66 6F 74 65 73 74 69 6E 67 35 [ 0 0 0 ]
14 59 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
58 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
57 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
56 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
13 55 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
54 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
53 4B 65 65 70 20 48 61 63 6B 69 6E 67 21 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
52 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
12 51 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
50 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
49 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
48 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
11 47 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
46 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
45 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
44 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
10 43 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
42 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
40 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
9 39 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
38 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
37 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
36 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
8 35 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
34 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
33 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
32 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
7 31 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
30 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
29 74 65 73 74 00 48 61 63 6B 69 6E 67 21 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
28 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
6 27 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
26 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
25 61 6C 65 78 39 75 66 6F 20 74 65 73 74 69 6E 67 [ 0 0 0 ]
24 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
5 23 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
22 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
21 61 6C 65 78 39 75 66 6F 20 74 65 73 74 69 6E 67 [ 0 0 0 ]
20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
4 19 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
18 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
17 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
16 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
3 15 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
14 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
13 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
12 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
2 11 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
10 2B 39 32 33 30 30 34 34 34 37 37 37 37 20 20 20 [ 0 0 0 ]
9 32 38 2D 30 39 2D 31 39 38 39 20 20 20 20 20 20 [ 0 0 0 ]
8 4A 68 6F 6E 20 41 62 72 61 68 75 6D 20 20 20 20 [ 0 0 0 ]
1 7 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
6 41 6E 74 68 6F 6E 79 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 [ 0 0 0 ]
5 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
4 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 [ 0 0 0 ]
0 3 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF 07 80 69 FF FF FF FF FF FF [ 0 0 1 ]
2 61 6C 65 78 39 75 66 6F 20 74 65 73 74 69 6E 67 [ 0 0 0 ]
1 61 6C 65 78 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 [ 0 0 0 ]
0 86 D5 EA 6A D3 08 04 00 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 [ 0 0 0 ]
2) Node-Red 畫面
3) MQTT Explorer畫面
將實驗過程及結果拍攝影片上傳至yt 並將連結寫於作業上
作業格式
作業一:
RFID基礎實驗之實驗
學生: 學號: 姓名: 班級:
一、 實習目的
二、 實習設備及器材
三、實習步驟(硬體連接 軟體設定)
四、程式
1. Arduino 程式
2. Node-Red程式
五、實習結果
1. Arduino 程式 monitor 輸出
2. Node-Red程式 畫面
3. 軟體或APP 畫面
六、實習心得
(實驗過程遇到的問題) 不要寫官話
七、 參考文獻
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